Wednesday, February 8, 2012

Venous Access in CKD Patients: "Don't be Piccy"

I have been attending on the General Medicine Service at the Brigham starting a few days ago. Today, the issue of whether to insert a peripherally inserted central venous catheter (PICC  line) came up on rounds. The patient is a man in his 60’s with stage 2 CKD and quite advanced bronchiectasis, in hospital for a “wet” bronchiectasis exacerbation responding slowly to imipenam and vancomycin. With poor peripheral access the question came up: why don’t we insert a PICC line.

At our hospital, we have a policy that PICC lines are not inserted in dialysis patients or those with advanced kidney disease.

A nice article by Timothy Pflederer from Morton Illinois in the ASN’s "Kidney Daily" discusses the concerns with PICC line placement in kidney patients. The key points that he makes are:

1. PICC lines are associated with a 23-57% of thrombosis in the vein they are inserted

2. 7.5% of patients have some sort of central venous problem following insertion of a PICC line.

3. Loss of peripheral and central patency markedly reduces the access options for dialysis patients.

Pflederer recommends that PICC lines should be avoided in patients with CKD stage 3-5. Instead, he suggests a small bore catheter inserted into the internal jugular vein. In the end, we decided to insert a PICC line because there were limited access options available to us and the patient had relatively mild CKD.